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Constant-round Luby–Rackoff, quantum
Resolved for r=7. Carolan (Compressed Permutation Oracles, ePrint 2025/1734, STOC 2026) proves seven-round Luby-Rackoff with truly random round functions is indistinguishable from a random invertible permutation against Omega(N^{1/12}) bidirectional quantum queries (his Theorem 6.5), exactly this page’s conjecture with r=7 – and states, without full proof here, that the result lifts to pseudorandom round functions (the strong qPRP form) by a standard hybrid argument. The paper’s own abstract calls this ‘resolving an open question of (Zhandry, 2012).’
Feistel NetworksPseudorandom PermutationsQuantum Query Complexityotherequivalenceresearch-solved
One Haar State Looks Like Many
Stated in the source’s Open Problems section as a conjecture it believes true, with the note that it could neither prove it nor find it proved or even formalised anywhere. The source proves a strictly weaker pointwise domination bound, its Lemma 2, sufficient for its own applications and silent about total variation distance. 5 open
Pseudorandom Quantum StatesQuantum CryptographyQuantum Informationothertight-boundadaptation (ai)
CRS-free everlasting commitment from malicious PUFs
Open: whether everlasting UC commitment is achievable in the fully malicious token model with no trusted setup. The source achieves it with a common reference string (its Theorem 31) and explicitly leaves removing the CRS as a question, noting that the usual equivocation techniques do not transfer to the everlasting setting. 6 open
Commitment SchemesPhysically Uncloneable Functionsotherassumption
6-round Feistel indifferentiability
Whether 6-round Feistel is fully indifferentiable from a random permutation is open, bridging the proven r=5 attack and the proven r>=8 construction. 2 open
Feistel NetworksIndifferentiabilityPseudorandom Permutationsothertight-bound
Double-sided zero search
Resolved, unconditionally. Carolan (Compressed Permutation Oracles, ePrint 2025/1734, STOC 2026) proves this exact statement – his Problem 3, p. 72, naming it ‘the double-sided zero search problem, due to Unruh’ – as a corollary (Corollary 7.6) of a general predicate-search lower bound (Theorem 7.5) proved directly from his own compressed permutation oracle’s soundness (Theorem 5.19). Unlike Unruh’s own derivation, this proof does not route through Unruh’s CPO-soundness conjecture (c/0036) at all, so it holds regardless of that conjecture’s status.
Compressed OracleQuantum Query Complexityotherlower-boundresearch-solved
No key agreement from GC-OWF
Open for round complexity growing with the security parameter. Proved in full for two messages, which is public-key encryption; the constant-round extension is sketched in the paper’s appendix without a theorem, its security half deferred to the PKE proof. 5 open
Black Box SeparationsGarbled CircuitsKey Agreementotherseparationadaptation (ai)
OWFs are black-box useless for key agreement
Open in the general case, which the paper names as the central open problem left by its work. Settled for three restricted protocol classes: constant-query perfect, constant-round constant-query imperfect, and Merkle-type. 5 open
Black Box SeparationsKey AgreementOne Way Functionsotherimpossibility
OWFs are black-box helpful for CRHFs
Open in both directions. Two relaxations — distributional and class-reduction helpfulness — are proved conditional on the Simon-oracle amplification conjecture; neither yields the universal auxiliary primitive the full statement needs. 4 open
Black Box SeparationsCollision Resistant HashingOne Way Functionsotherseparation
Simon-oracle amplification, strong version
Open. The version without the collision finder is known only when the one-way function is itself a random oracle; with an arbitrary one-way function, with or without the collision finder, nothing is established. 5 open
Black Box SeparationsCollision Resistant HashingOne Way Functionsotherlower-bound
Compressed permutation oracle soundness
Still open as formalized, but the underlying research question – can the compressed-oracle technique be extended to permutations at all – is now resolved in the affirmative by a different construction. Carolan (Compressed Permutation Oracles, ePrint 2025/1734, STOC 2026) proves his own compressed permutation oracle unconditionally sound. That oracle is, in his own words, ‘similar to that of Unruh [Unr23], though we explicitly and unitarily maintain injectivity of the database’ – a change that goes beyond resolving Unruh’s own left-open choice of how the flipping operator acts on non-injective inputs. Whether Unruh’s original construction (for an arbitrary such choice) is itself sound remains, on the reading defended here, unestablished.
Compressed OraclePseudorandom PermutationsQuantum Query Complexityotherequivalence
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